ABSTRACT

While software-defined networking (SDN) has been an increasing buzz word with diverse interpretations, the first SDN products [1-3] based on the OpenFlow protocol-the original trigger of the SDN term [4]—have seen the light in 2012, targeting virtual data center networks for the enterprise and cloud service providers. In addition, the wide area network (WAN) has been targeted by Google’s interdata center network design based on OpenFlow to program (in-house built) 100-G equipment, with the forwarding information base (FIB) generated from open-source routing stacks (Quagga intermediate system to intermediate system [IS-IS]/border gateway protocol [BGP]) augmented with a centralized traffic-engineering application [5]. The result is a cost-effective, predictable, and highly automated and tested network that reaches unprecedented levels of use.