ABSTRACT
A computer code or simulator is a mathematical representation of a physical system, for example a set of differential equations. Such a simulator takes a set of input values or conditions, x, and from them produces an output value, y(x), or several such outputs. For instance, one application we use for illustration simulates the average tidal power, y, generated as a function of a turbine location, x = (x1, x2), in the Bay of Fundy, Nova Scotia (Ranjan et al., 2011). Performing scientific or engineering experiments via such a computer code (i.e., a computer experiment) is often more time and cost effective than running a physical experiment or collecting data directly.
