ABSTRACT
Osteoporosis is the most prevalent metabolic bone disease among developed countries and is characterized by compromised bone strength and increased risk of fracture. Osteoporosis is commonly classified into primary or idiopathic and secondary, the latter being osteoporosis for which a clearly identifiable etiological mechanism is recognized. Depending on bone remodelling, the disease is classified into high-turnover or low-turnover osteoporosis. It is known that the excessive bone loss that characterizes the pathogenesis of osteoporosis results from abnormality in the bone remodelling cycle. Genetic factors certainly play a major role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. There is clear evidence of genetic modulation of bone parameters, including bone density, bone size, and bone turnover. Paget’s disease of bone is a chronic disorder that typically results in enlarged and deformed bones in one or more regions of the skeleton. Paget’s disease is characteristically associated with an increase in bone turnover but normal concentrations of serum calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D metabolites.
