ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the essentials of one type of glaucoma, primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), which, in itself, is heterogeneous. Primary open-angle glaucoma is best thought of as a process with multiple, complex stages whereby the ocular tissues become progressively damaged in characteristic ways. Examination of the anterior chamber angle by gonioscopy is an essential part of the glaucoma examination. Gonioscopy may lead to exclusion of the diagnosis of POAG if signs of possible secondary glaucoma are found, such as peripheral anterior synechiae, neovascularization of the angle, angle recession, or blood in Schlemm’s canal. The diagnosis of POAG implies a history of statistically high intraocular pressures while normal-pressure glaucoma implies a history of statistically average intraocular pressures. There are four main approaches to the management of POAG: observation without treatment, pharmacological therapy, laser therapy, and surgical therapy. The chapter focuses on general guidelines of POAG treatment.
