ABSTRACT
Visual perception is the ultimate outcome of a variety of discriminative functions of the visual system in which the macular function plays a great role. For many years, physicians relied on best-corrected visual acuity (VA) measurements and retinoscopy to assess macular dysfunction. It is well known, however, that VA cannot fully distinguish deterioration of macular function. Throughout the ophthalmic history, several clinical examinations were designed to aid in the assessment of the various aspects of the visual function. Some of them are still in use such as contrast sensitivity, reading speed, macular recovery function, low-luminance VA, and color acuity, among others. However, no other functional test has shown the same ability of localizing retinal function depression as perimetry does.
