ABSTRACT
A recent escalation of application-layer denial-of-service (DoS) attacks on the Internet has quickly shifted the focus of the research community from traditional network-based DoS. As a result, new varieties of attacks were explored: slow-rate and low-rate application-layer DoS attacks. In this chapter, after a brief introduction of application-layer DoS attacks, we discuss the characteristics of the newly proposed application-layer attacks and illustrate their impact on modern web servers.
