ABSTRACT
Biological systems are created from hierarchical structures assembled from nanoscale building blocks. These nanoscale components are assembled to form macroscale structures with specic shape and function. Nanotechnology provides a new tool to fabricate, measure, probe, and interface with these biological systems at the molecular level, typically ranging from 1 to 1000 nm. This ability affords precise control over a number of physical and functional properties such as the mechanical, physical, chemical, and electrical properties of materials. Potentially, materials created using nanotechnology have size scales and properties engineered to interact in controlled ways with their biological counterparts, ultimately leading to enhanced understanding of fundamental processes, which could lead to better biocompatibility and functionality that are key aspects of biomaterial design [1-5].
