ABSTRACT
To realize these potentials, different stakeholders must manage a broad range of challenges, including the growing complexity of systems, data networks, sensor technologies, systems integration, tools to manage increasingly large volumes of data, and processes to ensure software integrity and data security (Atzori et al., 2010). Furthermore, the adoption of any new technology requires users to change existing behaviors and develop the right competencies. In our view, the impact of ICT will be far-reaching and develop quickly. However, it will most likely take some time before legacy systems now used by the shipping industry are replaced. ICT may also challenge traditional competitive business models, which often act as a barrier to the sharing of information. Certainly, owners will have to invest in systems to protect and secure sensitive data and the integrity of software systems, but the full benefits of this technology cannot be fully realized unless the industry learns to be more transparent and cooperative (Bughin et al., 2010).
