ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to investigate the influence of environmental condition (immersion temperatures: 20 and https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> 40 ∘ C https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429227196/8b5c0a5d-ddea-4c88-8eea-7152f7afb008/content/eq11429.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> , and sulfate species: https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> N a 2 S O 4 https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429227196/8b5c0a5d-ddea-4c88-8eea-7152f7afb008/content/eq11430.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> and https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> M g S O 4 https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429227196/8b5c0a5d-ddea-4c88-8eea-7152f7afb008/content/eq11431.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> ) on sulfate attack of cementitious materials containing ordinary portland cement (OPC) with blast furnace slag (BFS), anhydrite (AH), limestone powder (LSP), fly ash (FA) and silica fume (SF), and to design a cementitious material with resistance for https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> N a 2 S O 4 https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429227196/8b5c0a5d-ddea-4c88-8eea-7152f7afb008/content/eq11432.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> and https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> M g S O 4 https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429227196/8b5c0a5d-ddea-4c88-8eea-7152f7afb008/content/eq11433.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> .
From the experimental results, the deterioration by both https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> N a 2 S O 4 https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429227196/8b5c0a5d-ddea-4c88-8eea-7152f7afb008/content/eq11434.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> and https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> M g S O 4 https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429227196/8b5c0a5d-ddea-4c88-8eea-7152f7afb008/content/eq11435.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> solutions became severe when the temperature of the solution was https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> 40 ∘ C https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429227196/8b5c0a5d-ddea-4c88-8eea-7152f7afb008/content/eq11436.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> . Also, the deterioration due to https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> N a 2 S O 4 https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429227196/8b5c0a5d-ddea-4c88-8eea-7152f7afb008/content/eq11437.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> solution was mainly expansion of the paste specimens, while https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> M g S O 4 https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429227196/8b5c0a5d-ddea-4c88-8eea-7152f7afb008/content/eq11438.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> solution mainly caused mass decrease and scaling of specimen surface. It seemed that hydration products in https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> M g S O 4 https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429227196/8b5c0a5d-ddea-4c88-8eea-7152f7afb008/content/eq11439.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> solution were different from that of https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> N a 2 S O 4 https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429227196/8b5c0a5d-ddea-4c88-8eea-7152f7afb008/content/eq11440.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> solution because the pH of the sulfate solutions was influenced from the difference of sulfate species.
