ABSTRACT
Ensuring the surface quality of concrete structures is very important. One of the causes of surface quality deterioration is the formation of a brittle layer on the concrete surface, which is formed as a result of bleeding water movement at the formwork interface. The behavior of bleeding water has been qualitatively studied, and it is possible to distinguish between internal concrete percolation and percolation in the formwork-concrete interface. However, the mechanism by which bleeding water causes the formation of a brittle layer at the formwork surface has not been extensively studied. In this research, experiments were conducted to investigate the behavior of bleeding water at the formwork surface by varying the cross-sectional shape and dimensions of the formwork. From the experimental results, it was found that changing the size and shape of the formwork led to different final bleeding amounts. Furthermore, the amount of bleeding water was found to differ radially inwards from the formwork surface, and three distinct regions were identified.
