ABSTRACT
Epidemiology is defined as “the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to control health problems” [1]. Meanwhile, nutrition is “the process by which substances in food are transformed into body tissues and provide energy for the full range of physical and mental activities that make up human life”. Nutritional sciences primarily involve the study of biological processes, but also integrate fields like anthropology and psychology that play an important role in the determining patterns of dietary intake and health in large groups or people, i.e. populations [2]. The application of epidemiological principles to human nutrition has resulted in the unique field of “Nutritional Epidemiology” which provides the necessary tools to generate scientifically valid information that advances our understanding of the role of nutrition in human health and/or disease [3]. Nutritional epidemiology is defined as “all the studies between diet and health in human populations” [4].
