ABSTRACT
In the last thirty years there has been a significant increase in the functionality of In-Vehicle Information Systems (IVIS).The functions provided by IVIS range from navigation, entertainment, comfort, media and communication such as hands-free calling and access to the internet whilst driving. These systems have a number of advantages, such as providing various functions in one small space (Burnett et al, 2013) and the ability to update the system easily if necessary. However, they also present a number of potential disadvantages, in particular driver distraction (Green 1999; Tu et al, 2012). There is a limited time available for a driver to allocate attention to secondary tasks when driving and secondary tasks that require extended interaction times, combined with a high mental workload, will increase the overall demands on the driver (Lansdown et al, 2004). Following the increase in in-car technologies, automotive companies are seeking new ways of decreasing the demand of secondary tasks for the safety of drivers and other road users. A major aim is to minimise driver workload, in particular to reduce the visual attention required by built-in IVIS.
