ABSTRACT
Non-point source pollution research since the 1960s, its research from the concept, theory, research methods, management methods and application of new technology develops, the research of space scale also by watershed gradually expand to the big river basin. The Yellow River basin agricultural non-point source pollution types mainly include four types: agricultural production, farmland soil and water loss, agriculture and livestock farming life. Agricultural production is an important non-point pollution source of the Yellow River basin, including total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen accounted for over 65% of the watershed of the total load, are mainly distributed in the GuanZhong, NingMeng, HeNan and ShanDong [3] in the irrigation area. The Yellow River basin
1 INTRODUCTION
At present, our country’s water pollution concentrates on river water quality deterioration. The Yellow River is the important water source of China’s northwest, north China region, in recent years, affected by global warming, human activity intensifies many factors, such as water resources shortage. Along the Huang Liangan at the same time, along with the rapid development of industrial and agricultural production, injection Huang Hegan (a) flow of sewage is more and more. Yellow River water quality according to the communiqué in 2008: the Yellow River mainstream satisfy the standard of surface water environment quality β class all year long river accounts for only 39.2%, χ ∼ δ class long river water 24%, worse δ river water accounted for 36.8%, long reach of Yellow River trunk stream pollution serious concentration distribution in Ning upstream, midstream Tongguan river [1]. Investigate its reason, in addition to the industrial, urban FeiWuShui non-point pollution concentration emissions, as a result of irrigation water, soil and water loss caused by a large number of agricultural non-point source pollution is one of the main influencing factors. Agriculture is the “victim” of water pollution, is the “source” of water pollution at the same time. Water pollution has affected the farmland irrigation water quality on one hand, on the other hand, nitrogen and phosphorus and other nutrients in farmland irrigation and drainage water pollution have been
non-point source pollution load in space presents obvious regional characteristic, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen mainly comes from agricultural production; and the organic matter in the water load mainly comes from the livestock farming and rural residential areas [4].
