Simulation of Mullins effect and relaxation due to self-organization processes in filled rubber

Ihlemann (2005), Itskov, Ehret, KazakevičiutéMakovska, & Weinhold (2010), Klüppel, Meier, & Dämgen (2005). The typical approach is to develop a scalar material law for uniaxial tension first. Thereafter, a 3D generalization technique like the micro-sphere model or the concept of representative directions is applied to obtain an anisotropic 3D model (see Göktepe & Miehe (2005) and Freund, Lorenz, Juhre, & Klüppel (2011)). In consequence, any micro-mechanical motivation is considered for uniaxial extension only.