ABSTRACT
Fungi show similar latitudinal diversity gradients as other organisms with approximately 1.5 to 5 million different species in our globe, but only about 300 are known to cause diseases (Tedersoo et al. 2014). They are eukaryotic structures that have a cell wall and a cell membrane. The cell wall is made up of a poly-N-acetylglucosamine. The cell membrane contains ergosterol and chitin in contrast to mammalian cells which contain cholesterol. Clinicians fi nd it more facile to treat bacterial related diseases rather than fungal related ones. Generally speaking fungal diseases are very diffi cult to treat because fungi are chemically and genetically more similar to animals than to other organisms (Hawksworth 2001). Specifi cally the forms of fungal related otorhinolaryngological (ORL) diseases have no characteristic presentation, with the immune status of the host playing a noteworthy etiopathological role. As a result accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment cannot be established without an optimum classifi cation which was overlooked in Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) specialty.
