ABSTRACT

Design is a concept directly related to creation and craft. It arises out of the need for humanity to discover and create meaningful lifestyles, livelihoods, and order of life. It is a process in which humanity constructs and organizes objects in concept and in practice on the basis of the needs of survival and life. It was not until the advent of the industrial era that the fundamental status and role of design became evident in industrial manufacturing and industrial design as well as in general human activity. Today, design is a common social activity. In general, design is divided into the following categories: industrial product design, visual communication design, architectural and environmental design, organizational behavior design, and cultural design. Design has become a general concept closely related to various other concepts such as craft, organization, management, initiative, plan, objective, creativity, etc. (Huffman, R.R., Roesler, A. & Moon, B.M. 2004; Short C.A. 2008; Singer, D.J., Doerry, N. & Buckley, M.E. 2009).