ABSTRACT
While many developed nations have ensured public participation in matters of police oversight, particularly as they relate to police misconduct and accountability issues, interest in such oversight among the new Asian democracies has been noticeable in recent decades. More specically, the development of governance and democratic institutions with special emphasis on the civil society’s role in matters related to law and criminal policies is more prominent (Lu & Liang, 2011). Credit for this can be attributed partly to citizens’ awareness and desire for responsiveness, accountability, transparency, and overall eciency (Rahman & Robinson, 2006) in matters of governance, including policing. Consider the fact that a few decades ago, police organizations across the United States, one of the oldest democracies, had overwhelmingly rejected proposals for citizen participation but have now set an
Maturing Democracies and Democratic Policing in Asia ............................ 140 Eective Democracies vis-á-vis Police Oversight Mechanisms in Asian Democracies ........................................................................................ 142 Citizen Review Boards ....................................................................................... 145
South Korea .................................................................................................... 145 e Philippines .............................................................................................. 146 Hong Kong ......................................................................................................147
Other Forms of Police Oversight ...................................................................... 148 India................................................................................................................. 148 ailand .......................................................................................................... 150 Indonesia .........................................................................................................151 Malaysia .......................................................................................................... 152
Hybrid Regimes .................................................................................................. 153 Cambodia ....................................................................................................... 153 China ............................................................................................................... 154
Discussion and Conclusion ............................................................................... 155 References ............................................................................................................ 156
