The study of irrigation surface and ground water conjunctive use based on coupled model

In recent years, due to the increasing demand of water resources for agriculture, most of the Yellow River irrigation districts use both groundwater and surface water. The irrigation water diversion from the Yellow River is used in upstream arable land and well irrigation is used in downstream areas. Over the years, the groundwater level has increased in upstream areas, while it has declined in downstream areas. Moreover, some regions have shown evidence of groundwater funnels.