ABSTRACT
Candidiasis 344 Aspergillosis 344 Cryptococcosis 344 Coccidioidomycosis 345 Histoplasmosis 345 Blastomycosis 345 Sporotrichosis 346
Bacteria 346 Actinomyces and nocardia 346 Chlamydia and rickettsiae347
Parasites 347 Amebisis 347
Echinococcosis: Hydatidosis 348 Paragonimiasis 348 Trichomonas 348 Loiasis349
Viruses 349 Adenovirus 349 Hantavirus 349 Cytomegalovirus 349 Herpes virus 349 Hepatitis 349 Mononucleosis 350 Dengue fever350
References 350
Although pleural eusions due to atypical infections are uncommon, it is important to identify early and correctly the etiological agent because eective treatments are available. Four groups of agents are usually involved: fungi, bacteria, parasites, and viruses.