ABSTRACT
Coxa vara is a deformity of the proximal femur that results in a reduction of the normal neck-shaft angle and it includes a wide spectrum of types with varying pathologies and differing sites of deformity. Congenital coxa vara is the type associated with a congenital short femur and proximal femoral focal deficiency. Developmental coxa vara has been known as congenital coxa vara. Dysplastic coxa vara is due to an underlying bony abnormality such as fibrous dysplasia, vitamin D-resistant rickets, osteopetrosis and various generalised skeletal dysplasias. Acquired coxa vara can develop following trauma; the trauma may be perinatal epiphyseal separation or a femoral neck fracture in an older child. Acquired coxa vara may be the result of septic processes. Infantile septic arthritis may be complicated by a vascular insult resulting in a Perthes’-like process and coxa vara. Congenital coxa vara is usually subtrochanteric, and may range from a varus deformity with sclerotic features to a complete pseudarthrosis.
