ABSTRACT
Climate change is probably the most complex and challenging environmental problem facing the world today. Currently, the intriguing questions include weather uncertainties, persistent climatic abnormalities, rampant environmental degradation and imminent food insecurity. Some of the complexities are exacerbated by increasing human population and demand for more agricultural land for food production, resulting in the destruction of the vegetation cover and subsequently rampant environmental degradation (Ojwang et al., 2010). The Physical Science basis of IPCC (2007b) noted that climate models predict that climate change will lead, among other things, to an increase in unpredictability of rainfall, higher temperatures, and an increase in the severity and frequency of extreme weather events. The report of IPCC (2007a) states that climate change will have a major impact on food and water resources and suggests that adaptive measures must be developed.
