ABSTRACT

Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 518 Industrial microbes, their selection and improvement .......................................................... 518 Fermentation technology ........................................................................................................... 520 Industrial biotechnology in food industry .............................................................................. 520

Starch industry ........................................................................................................................ 520 Dairy industry......................................................................................................................... 522 Bread industry ........................................................................................................................ 522 Fruit processing ...................................................................................................................... 523

Food additive production .......................................................................................................... 523 Amino acid .............................................................................................................................. 523 Yeast production ..................................................................................................................... 523 Citric acid................................................................................................................................. 523

Chemical industry ....................................................................................................................... 523 Paper and pulp industry ....................................................................................................... 523 Bioplastic ................................................................................................................................. 524 Biofuel ...................................................................................................................................... 524

Pharmaceutical industry ............................................................................................................ 525 References .................................................................................................................................... 526

industry. One of the striking recent achievements is the development of a technique known as multiplex automated genome engineering that can be used to engineer the entire genome of the bacteria may lead to the evolution of new bacterial strains for the production of proteins and synthetic products. Nevertheless, the biggest challenge for industrial biotechnology is to develop those processes that are cost-effective and more reliable at the industrial level. Although a number of processes that have been adopted by the industry are cost-effective, there is a huge demand for the establishment of the new processes that are reliable, rapid, and cost-effective at an industrial level.