ABSTRACT
The nose is a central feature of the face. It characterizes the individual; warms, humidifies and filters the air; and enables olfaction. It has a complex three-dimensional shape that poses a formidable challenge for the reconstructive surgeon. The aesthetically pleasing nose provides a smooth and natural transition from the eyes to the lips. A deformed nose draws attention away from the eyes and lips, disturbing the aesthetic balance of the face. The external nose is composed of skin, mucosa, bone, cartilage and intervening supportive tissues, including fat, muscle and connective tissue. A thorough knowledge of nasal anatomy underpins successful restoration of form and function. The stakes are high with no margin for error. If the surgeon gets it wrong, the aesthetic, physiological, social and psychological disability can be devastating.
