ABSTRACT
Michael N. Hoff, Jalal B. Andre, and Brent K. Stewart
CONTENTS
9.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... 166 9.2 Sample Artifacts ............................................................................................................................................................ 166
9.2.1 Motion ............................................................................................................................................................... 166 9.2.1.1 Ghosting ...........................................................................................................................................167 9.2.1.2 Blurring.............................................................................................................................................167 9.2.1.3 Intravoxel Dephasing .....................................................................................................................167 9.2.1.4 Misregistration ................................................................................................................................167 9.2.1.5 Motion-Related Banding ............................................................................................................... 168 9.2.1.6 Avoiding Motion Artifacts ............................................................................................................ 169
9.2.2 Field Inhomogeneity ....................................................................................................................................... 169 9.2.2.1 Susceptibility Effect ....................................................................................................................... 170 9.2.2.2 Chemical Shift ................................................................................................................................ 173
9.2.3 Magic Angle Effect ...........................................................................................................................................174 9.2.3.1 Avoiding the Magic Angle Effect................................................................................................. 175
9.3 Sequence Artifacts ........................................................................................................................................................ 175 9.3.1 Aliasing ............................................................................................................................................................ 175
9.3.1.1 FE Direction Aliasing .................................................................................................................... 175 9.3.1.2 Phase-Encoding-Direction Aliasing ............................................................................................ 175 9.3.1.3 SS Direction Aliasing .................................................................................................................... 176 9.3.1.4 Avoiding Aliasing ...........................................................................................................................176
