ABSTRACT

Wastewater generated by domestic, municipal, and industrial sectors has been increasingly used, particularly in dry areas, to provide water and nutrients to agriculture, aquaculture, and agroforestry systems. While such use helps in income generation and livelihood resilience amid water scarcity, use of wastewater in untreated or inadequately treated forms may result in negative impacts on human and environmental health through chemical and pathogenic risks [16,24,29].