ABSTRACT
Biomarkers of transformation, proteins or genes showing correlative/quantitative changes in patterns of expression between dysplastic disease and fully transformed cancers may be one possible method for improving diagnostic accuracy. The lack of uniformity in classification to date and a dearth of good-quality prospective studies in relation to the diagnosis and management of dysplastic laryngeal lesions has been highlighted through systematic review and meta-analysis. It is recommended that surgeons managing dysplastic laryngeal lesions should be appropriately trained and preferably provides their services as part of a head and neck cancer multidisciplinary team. The classification of dysplastic laryngeal lesions can be expected to evolve further in coming years as clinical tools are validated against the present gold standard histopathology. Historically, laryngeal dysplasia has been observed and defined by the technical limitations of the available optical systems at the time.
