ABSTRACT
Sleep disorders have had a formal classification since 1979, when the Association of Sleep Disorder Centers published the Classification of Sleep and Arousal Disorders in the journal Sleep. The diagnosis rests upon a sleep symptom of difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, -morning awakening and, mainly for pediatric age groups, resistance to going to bed and difficulty in sleeping without a caregiver intervention. The sleep-related breathing disorders section is organized into main categories: obstructive sleep apnea disorders, central sleep apnea syndromes, sleep-related hypoventilation disorders, and sleep-related hypoxemia disorder. Sleep-related hypoventilation disorders consist of seven disorders that meet diagnostic criteria for sleep-related hypoventilation with or without oxygen desaturation. Hypersomnia due to a medication or substance is sleepiness that occurs as a consequence of a medication or substance or withdrawal from a wake-promoting medication or substance. Sleep-related abnormal sexual behaviors is listed as a subtype to be classified under confusional arousals.
