ABSTRACT
This chapter provides an insight into applications of nonlinearmethods that have been used in chaos theory and in nonlinear dynamics. It considers applications of T. Higuchi’s fractal dimension method in the analysis of biosignals and of pathophysiological images. The chapter analyses the landscapes using Higuchi fractal dimension. While the contour of a benign breastmass seems to be more regular than the contour of a malignant breast tumor, the fractal dimension of the malignant breast tumors is lower than the fractal dimension of benign breast masses. Moreover by virtue of its scale independence, fractal dimension calculated from an image appears to be nearly independent of the orientation of the surface. Usually, image segmentation introduces subjective parameters such as threshold values and, furthermore, fully automatic algorithms are rare and mostly fail because of slide to slide color or brightness variations.
