ABSTRACT
Biotechnological production from carbohydrate-wastes associated with their treatment requires an integrated engineering process strategy with concerns of utilization and treatment of the waste streams. Recent studies have given substantial R&D efforts to the development of an environmentally and economically sustainable integrated biotechnological process, so called “production treatment biotech-process” (PTB). The alternative PTB technology is to use the waste streams as bioconversion media to produce bulk products, while treating the carbohydrate waste streams [1,2,4]. The PTB engineering strategy is able to deliver an innovative “green cycle” technology, from which the value-added products, including those commonly used materials in food processing industries (organic acids and enzymes), can be produced from processing wastes, and can be served as feedstock for the industry, while reducing organic
loadings. These advanced integrated technologies will give a significant contribution to update the traditional technologies of wastewater treatment and biological nutrient removal processes. Recent researches focused on developing and using technological tools of genetic and metabolic engineering and bioprocessing techniques in order to increase the production yield and the cost-efficacy of waste treatment [1,4,6]. There have been great advances in fundamental research into biochemical and chemical processing, biotechnological techniques and the genetic construction of high-performance industrial microorganisms with functional biochemical reaction capabilities in an industrial process [2,3,7].
