ABSTRACT
Groupers are part of the most targeted species in the world, by both artisanal, commercial and recreational fisheries. They are also found to be among the most endangered marine fish species. Protecting and restoring their populations is critical but efficient management strategies require a clear knowledge on stocks status. For these species, however, such information can be challenging. This chapter proposes a global overview of groupers fisheries regulation. We detailed the methods used to estimate groupers stocks status such as stock assessment modelling and models for ecosystem management, for both well-known populations and data-poor cases. Then, the chapter presents the diverse management methods used worldwide for protecting, maintaining, and restoring depleted grouper populations. These methods includes fisheries management tools mainly based on fishing effort regulation, and marine protected areas. The special case of grouper spawning aggregations is addressed at the end of the chapter. Finally, some perspectives are open to guide further research efforts.
