ABSTRACT
Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) offer a sustainable, environmentally friendly approach for water desalination, wastewater treatment, and energy generation. Several configurations of MDCs have been introduced in the last few years to enhance their performance, and recent research has proved their capability to achieve up to 99% salt removal, reduce high levels of COD in wastewater, and provide enough energy to drive downstream reverse osmosis processes. Other applications of MDCs include water softening, removal of phenolic compounds from wastewater, and removal of nitrates from groundwater. The data available on the applications of MDCs is limited; however, the number of studies being conducted regarding has been increasing in recent years.
