ABSTRACT
In the last two decades, the use of ionic liquids (ILs) in different areas of chemistry has increased considerably, especially for biomass conversion into fuels and chemicals. This chapter describes the investigations in strategies 288and innovations based on ILs in terms of dissolution and pretreatment methods and their uses as reaction solvents, catalysts and extraction solvents in biorefinery. Relevant literature examples related to the design of ILs for the valorization of cellulose, lignin and vegetable oil are reported, with emphasis on their impact on the reactivity and reaction pathways to further improve chemical yields. Additionally, several parameters involved in these processes such as the choice of the anion or/and cation of ILs are thoroughly discussed. Significant improvements have been made in recyclability of ILs for a wide range of reactions. This chapter also discusses the renewability and sustainability aspects related to biorefinery processes, where ILs are involved.
