ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia as well as disturbance in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism, due to absolute or relative lack of insulin [10, 11]. The number of people suffering from the disease worldwide is increasing at an alarming rate with 552 million people projected to have DM by 2035 as against 382 million estimated cases in 2014 [12]. Type 1 DM is characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin caused by the destruction of
pancreatic β-cells, while type 2 DM is due to a combination of peripheral resistance to insulin action as well as inadequate secretory response by pancreatic β-cells [21].
