ABSTRACT
The natural resources are limited, and their exploitation has led to adverse climatic phenomenon, leading to losses in crop yield worldwide. The global area under genetically modified or transgenic crops has been increasing consistently from 1996 to date. Herbicide-tolerant soybean, maize, cotton, and canola; insect-resistant maize, cotton, potato, and rice; and virus-resistant squash and papaya are successful examples of transgenic crops grown around the world. Among cereal crops, sorghum is least successfully manipulated for tissue culture, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. A number of investigations have been made to generate transgenic sorghum plants via biolistic. The information from genome sequencing of different cereal crops can be explored to develop transgenic plants. The term recombinant DNA technology or genetic engineering is used to describe the process by which the genetic makeup of organism can be altered using recombinant DNA technology. A correlation was found in rice expansin upregulation with root system, growth improvement, and antisense expression was found to cause stunting and early flowering.
