ABSTRACT
Herbal remedies are well known as possible medicines and play a significant role in everyday life. Atractylis gummifera Salzm. ex L., commonly known as stemless atractylis or pine thistle, is one of the several natural crude pharmaceuticals to cure various ailments and illnesses. This chapter emphasizes the botany, phytochemistry, medicinal values, toxicity response, and other potential uses of A. gummifera. The comprehensive data for this chapter were obtained from Scopus, Web of Science, Springer, Elsevier, PubMed, ResearchGate, Semantic Scholar, Google Scholar, and https://Academia.edu" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Academia.edu databases. To encompass all studies on this topic, we utilized keywords such as toxicity, oleander, and medicinal values. The main active components of stemless atractylis are carboxyatractyloside and atractyloside. Pharmacological activities of the plant, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, and antipyretic activities, were documented. Still, the potentially toxic consequences of all parts of the shrub, either dried or fresh, have been reported on humans and animals. This natural product may adversely interact with certain health and medical conditions. However, clinical investigations are still necessary to confirm pharmacological activities, safety, and clinical effectiveness of stemless atractylis.
