ABSTRACT
Neurorehabilitation systems for restoration of standing and walking in patients with complete and incomplete injury to the spinal cord are presented. A neurorehabilitation system consists from three components: actuation, sensory, and cognitive system. As actuation, functional electrical stimulation of paralyzed muscles was used. Artificial sensors such as goniometers, accelerometers, gyroscopes, inclinometers, and pressure shoe insoles were used to assess standing and walking parameters. After processing this sensory information, the cognitive feedback was delivered to the patient through visual display, audio signal, or sensory electrical stimulation. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a rehabilitation technology that uses electrical currents applied to the peripheral nerves. FES provides restoration of movement or function, such as standing or walking by a person with complete or incomplete spinal cord injury(1, 2).
