ABSTRACT
In general, a reflex consists of a neural receptor, afferent pathway, central synapses, efferent motor pathway, and effector organ; this general rule can be applied to airway reflexes (Figure 7.1). The effects of airway reflexes are very diverse and include changes in breathing pattern, maintenance of airway patency, defensive or protective reactions, alterations in bronchomotor tone, mucus-secreting response, and cardiovascular changes. These reflex responses are influenced by the nature and strength of the stimulant. In addition, some of these reflex responses are highly specific for the particular respiratory site. This chapter will deal chiefly with airway reflexes in humans, describing general characteristics and the function of airway reflexes, and some clinical problems related to anesthesia and respiratory care.
