ABSTRACT
FIGURE 1 ■ Normal five-layer image of the gastric wall obtained with a radial echoendoscope.
TABLE 1 ■ Indications for EUS
Submucosal abnormalities Intramural versus extrinsic Monitor variceal therapy Tumor size and structure Inflammatory bowel disease Large gastric folds Esophageal motility disease Gastric varices Benign ulcer healing Gastrointestinal cancer staging Esophagus, stomach Ulcer bleeding risk Colorectal Fine-needle aspiration Pancreatobiliary disease Cancer staging Cancer diagnosis/staging (including lung cancer) Localize endocrine tumors EUS-guided endoscopic mucosal resection Detect common duct stones Upper GI bleeding Pancreatic pseudocyst drainage EUS-guided antitumor injection therapy Chronic pancreatitis Future interventional indications Celiac axis neurolysis Posterior gastropexy Achalasia: botulinum toxin injection Gastrojejunal cruciate anastomosis
Established indications Potential indications
(Continued ) Future Applications 295 Endoscopic Mucosal Resection 295 EUS and Upper GI Bleeding 295 EUS-Guided Antitumor Injection
Therapy 295
malignant tumors on EUS have shown that EUS can assist in revealing distinct differences in patterns, which can facilitate that distinction (13).
