ABSTRACT
The target of antibiotic chemotherapy is bacteria. An in vitro study using the isolated bacterium predicts the efficacy of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bacterial concentration (MBC), post antibiotic effect (PAE), mutant prevention concentration (MPC), and time kill curve. The pharmacokinetics (PK) of clinical chemotherapy after administration of antibiotics in patients shows parameters such as maximum concentration (Cmax) (peak), area under concentration-time curve (AUC), half-life, mean residence time, distribution volume (Vd) and clearance (CL). The relationship between PK and pharmacodynamics (PD) (PK/PD) shows parameters such as peak/MIC, AUC/MIC, and time above MIC (T >MIC). The b-lactam antibiotics effect by T >MIC need the best-suited dosage (dose, dosing interval, and period). PK/PD with populationkinetics of b-lactam chemotherapy is a current clinical study to evaluate efficacy and solve ethical problems and damage by statistical treatment of two or three times point data at steady-state for drugs for which it is difficult to collect blood samples. This includes infants, the elderly, and serious illness-infected neonates, burn patients, and so on, on the base of population among participant patients in the mother group of pharmacokinetics data. Antibiotic chemotherapy has the important problems regarding the efficacy, safety, economy, and resistance of antibiotics. b-lactam chemotherapy is useful because of high efficacy and low toxicity.
