ABSTRACT
Numerous reports in the clinical literature describe an increased risk of infection in patients with diabetes mellitus. In addition, indirect effects of the complications of diabetes, such as neuropathy and vascular disease, can impair host resistance to infection. S. aureus is a highly virulent pathogen that can cause localized infection of the skin and soft tissues or become invasive causing bacteremia and metastatic infection of virtually every organ system. Older adults with achlorhydria or use of acid-blocking medications are at increased risk of acquiring intestinal infection with dissemination to distant sites. Vascular disease, cholelithiasis, nephrolithiasis, prosthetic devices, or other anatomic abnormalities also predispose to salmonella infection. Inhalation of spores leads to invasion of sinuses or pulmonary infection with local spread or distant dissemination to the central nervous system or other organs. Infections with zygomycetes may present as rhinosinusitis with extension into the central nervous system, pulmonary infection, or dissemination to other organs.
