ABSTRACT
Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs) describe all disorders due to breathing problems in sleep. The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 2nd edition (ICSD-2) categorizes the disorders according to their causes, breathing patterns, or age groups (adult or pediatric) (1). In clinical practice, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is far more commonly diagnosed than other types of SRBDs. Even so, it is assumed that OSA is still underdiagnosed. It is possible that some types of the SRBDs or other sleep disorders are less familiar to health care providers or even to sleep specialists, therefore, are mislabeled and treated as OSA. There are a few new SRBD entities proposed to the sleep medicine community, but not included in ICSD-2, such as complex sleep apnea (CompSA), that may possibly be considered in the future version of the ICSD. This chapter intends to provide readers with a logical and step-by-step tool for daily clinical practice on the basis of ICSD-2; therefore, newly proposed disease entities such as CompSA will not be discussed here.
