ABSTRACT
Syncope is defined as a sudden transient loss of consciousness and postural tone
with relatively rapid and spontaneous recovery. Transient cerebral hypoperfusion is
the underlying pathophysiological event that results in syncope. The elderly are particularly
vulnerable because of age-associated physiological changes in heart rate and blood pressure
regulation, comorbid medical conditions such as hypertension and atherosclerosis,
reductions in thirst, ability to preserve sodium and water as well as autonomic dysfunction,
and the concurrent use of medications that affect blood pressure regulation.
