ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION Parenteral medication refers to drugs administered by routes other than the oral, typically implying injectable medications. Injectable medications could be presented in various volumes (small volume and large volume), primary packaging (ampoules, vials, cartridges, bags) and specified routes (e.g., intravenous, intramuscular). Many of the preformulation and formulation principles applicable to injectable medications can often be extended to ophthalmic and nasal spray dosage forms as well.
