ABSTRACT
Urosepsis was a common almost invariably fatal problem in the early years of catheterization usage. The introduction of antiseptics, beginning with Lister, followed by the use of antibiotic therapies decreased mortality associated with this therapy and provided better outcomes overall. In 1966, the Stoke Mandeville National Spinal Injuries Center introduced sterile technique for catheterization which provided more options for people requiring catheterizations (1) . Shortly after the sterile technique introduction, Lapides pioneered the clean intermittent self-catheterization (CISC) technique after one of his patients reused a catheter that had been dropped, without resterilization, without untoward consequences to the patient’s bladder system.
