Prevention, Recognition, and Treatment of Complications in Laparoscopic Pelvic Floor Surgery

In recent years the rate of complications from gynecology laparoscopy ranges from four to eight per 1000 ( 1-3 ) diagnostic procedures and increases to 4 to 180 per 1000 operative gynecology surgeries ( 3-7 ). Risk factors for gynecological laparoscopic complications include establishing laparoscopic access ( 5 , 6 ), concomitant laparoscopic hysterectomy ( 3 , 8 ), and surgeon inexperience ( 4 , 9 ).