ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION Cardiac ventriculography is a method used in the catheterization laboratory to characterize the anatomy and function of the ventricles in patients presenting with a broad range of heart disorders including valvular, coronary artery, and congenital diseases, as well as cardiomyopathies.1
Moreover, the left ventriculography is a major diagnostic tool to address several features (Table 22.1), including the evaluation of left ventricular (LV) function in cases of global and segmental disease. Because of all these important aspects gathered by this method it is included in the routine diagnostic catheterization protocol of the patients, except in cases where the contrast volume might be a concern, and other alternatives to contrast ventriculography are available.
