ABSTRACT
This chapter provides an overview of some of the key risks for HIV infection that persons with disabilities may face. It looks at barriers to accessing HIV prevention, treatment and care. The main mode of transmission of HIV is through unprotected sex. Many persons with disabilities face an experience of oppression when it comes to their sexuality and sexual rights. Alternatively, some persons with disabilities, such as persons with more severe learning disabilities or psycho-social disabilities, may be perceived by others as sexually disinhibited. In a survey study of persons with disabilities in South Africa, peoples found low levels of knowledge, and uncertainty of knowledge, about HIV transmission and prevention. The chapter concludes by drawing attention to the need for inclusive practice, if the United Nations Millennium Development Goal of achieving equity in health is to be reached, and the aims of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities are to be realized.
