ABSTRACT

While bullying and victimization among school-age children continues to be a major public health problem, it is also becoming more predictable and preventable. Extensive observational and experimental research, especially that conducted since the early 1990’s, has identified many potential causes and consequences of bullying behaviors. While further research is still needed to understand this phenomenon better, these advances in bullying-related research have contributed to the development of some effective interventions. Even large-scale programs, such as the Finnish KiVa program, have demonstrated that it is possible to reduce the prevalence and impact of bullying, including cyberbullying, among school students (Kämä et al., 2011; Salmivalli, Kämä, & Poskiparta, 2011; Salmivalli, Kaukiainen, & Voeten, 2005).