ABSTRACT

The dissolution of the Soviet Union and the (re)appearance of its 15 constituent republics as independent actors on the international stage, together with the fall of the Berlin Wall and the revolutions that took place in many of the countries from Central and Eastern Europe, clearly signalled the end of the period of the Cold War. At the same time, the epochal events that took place on the European continent in the late 1980s and early 1990s marked the dawn of an era in which several new challenges, for example with regard to political and economic transformation and the establishment of ties with the European Union, presented themselves.