ABSTRACT
In this section, we review how transdisciplinarity is distinguished from both interdisciplinarity and disciplinarity, and we introduce the distinction between transdisciplinary research and transdisciplinary processes. While there have been different interpretations of transdisciplinarity, this book advocates transdisciplinary processes that involve authentic collaboration among science and society when including representatives from industry, government, administration, different stakeholder groups, and the public at large. Such collaborations, as we describe, emphasize mutual learning, joint problem-definition, and knowledge integration. Transdisciplinary processes should produce relevant, socially robust knowledge that also feeds back to scientific knowledge generation and theory-building.
